HVAC Maintenance Checklist for Homeowners

Why maintenance matters

Heating and cooling equipment loses efficiency when filters clog, coils get dirty or refrigerant charge drifts. ENERGY STAR recommends a professional pre-season check-up for cooling systems in spring and heating systems in fall, plus regular filter changes by the homeowner.

Homeowner tasks

• Check the air filter monthly and replace it at least every three months — more often during heavy use, with pets or in dusty conditions.
• Keep at least two feet of clear space around the outdoor unit and remove leaves and debris.
• Make sure supply and return vents inside the house are not blocked by furniture or rugs.
• Test carbon monoxide alarms if you have any fuel-burning appliances.
• Note unusual noises, smells, short cycling or rising energy bills and report them to your contractor.

What a professional tune-up typically covers

• Thermostat settings and calibration check.
• Tightening electrical connections and measuring motor voltage and current.
• Lubricating moving parts where applicable.
• Inspecting the condensate drain for clogs.
• Checking system controls for safe start-up and shut-off.
• Cooling: cleaning evaporator and condenser coils and checking refrigerant level.
• Heating: checking gas or oil connections, gas pressure, burner combustion and the heat exchanger.

When to call right away

If you smell gas, leave the building and call your gas utility or 911 from outside. Don't operate switches or appliances. For a carbon monoxide alarm, get everyone outside and call 911.